Electric power industry consulting
Sometimes it is necessary to have several cables for each phase. For example, this happens when an overhead line (OHL) and a cable line are connected in series (see photos). Or it happens when we connect a transformer of a great power to the busbars (or consumers) using a cable line. Cable connections of overhead
Single-core cables of medium voltage 6-35 kV often have simple grounding of the screens on both sides (“solid bonding”). As a result, the cable screens form closed contours, and the magnetic field of the core current induces currents in these contours, that is screen currents. Induced currents (Is) in the screens pass through the screens
AC 50 Hz cable lines are often referred to as reactive power sources. In idle (no-load) operating mode, any cable line by its capacitance generates reactive power, which creates difficulties:✅ for a network that is forced to consume reactive power;✅ for a cable that is heated by idle currents, especially at the beginning of the
Very often we see posts where designers and installers share beautiful photos of successfully completed projects. However, then, quietly, in private correspondence, the exploiting organizations share other photos and accompany them with words “What should we do with this?” or “How do we fix this”? In short, many “successful” projects turn out to be “UNsuccessful”
Previously, oil-soaked paper was used as insulation for medium-voltage cables of 6-20 kV classes. At the same time, there were two core designs – round-shape or sector-shape. The advantages of cables with sector cores (Design 1) are shown on the slide. Currently, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is mainly used as cable insulation. Of course, the question
We know that one of the advantages of cables with solid insulation (XLPE, EPR, PVC) is that these cables have no restrictions on the height difference of the route. We can lay such cables horizontally, vertically, at an angle. Any cable arrangement is allowed, as long as the cable bending radius is not violated and
In 6-35 kV networks, single-core cables are most often arranged in a closed triangle (1), and cable screens have a small cross-section of up to 50 mm2 and a simple solid grounding. Let us figure out what happens if the cables, contrary to the project, are laid not in a closed triangle, but otherwise. Three
If the outer sheath of the cable is damaged, water can penetrate into the cable, and this will lead to the defects in the XLPE insulation, followed by its breakdown (that is cable will get a short circuit). Therefore, it is important to monitor the condition of the outer sheath of the cable, preventing the
The method of symmetrical components is used to calculate the normal and emergency modes of the electric network. The method represents an any mode (even asymmetric) as a composition of three separate symmetrical ones:✅ Positive sequence “1”.✅ Negative sequence “2”.✅ Zero sequence “0”. To use the method, it is important that the longitudinal impedances Z1,
There are two main types of power transmission lines – overhead lines and cable lines. Traditionally, in high-voltage networks, the total length of overhead lines exceeded the total length of cable lines. Therefore, some errors in the calculations of impedances of cable lines were not able to lead to serious consequences. However, gradually, especially with